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(c) (i) State the date by which Thai Curry Ltd’s self-assessment corporation tax return for the year ended30 September 2005 should be submitted, and advise the company of the penalties that will be due ifthe return is not submitted until 31 May 2007. (3 m

题目

(c) (i) State the date by which Thai Curry Ltd’s self-assessment corporation tax return for the year ended

30 September 2005 should be submitted, and advise the company of the penalties that will be due if

the return is not submitted until 31 May 2007. (3 marks)

(ii) State the date by which Thai Curry Ltd’s corporation tax liability for the year ended 30 September 2005

should be paid, and advise the company of the interest that will be due if the liability is not paid until

31 May 2007. (3 marks)


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更多“(c) (i) State the date by which Thai Curry Ltd’s self-assessment corporation tax return for the year ended30 September 2005 should be submitted, and advise the company of the penalties that will be due ifthe return is not submitted until 31 May 2007. (3 m”相关问题
  • 第1题:

    For this part, assume today’s date is 15 August 2005.

    5 (a) Donald is aged 22, single, and about to finish his university education. He has plans to start up a business selling

    computer games, and intends to start trading on 1 April 2006, making up accounts to 31 March annually.

    He believes that his business will generate cash (equal to taxable profits) of £47,500 in the first year. He

    originally intended to operate as a sole trader, but he has recently discovered that as an alternative, he could

    operate through a company. He has been advised that if this is the case, he can take a maximum gross salary

    of £42,648 out of the company.

    Required:

    (i) Advise Donald on the income tax (IT), national insurance (NIC) and corporation tax (CT) liabilities he

    will incur for the year ended 31 March 2007 trading under each of the two alternative business

    structures (sole trade/company). Your advice should be supported by calculations of disposable income

    for both alternatives assuming that in the company case, he draws the maximum salary stated.

    (7 marks)


    正确答案:

     

  • 第2题:

    3 Assume that today’s date is 10 May 2005.

    You have recently been approached by Fred Flop. Fred is the managing director and 100% shareholder of Flop

    Limited, a UK trading company with one wholly owned subsidiary. Both companies have a 31 March year-end.

    Fred informs you that he is experiencing problems in dealing with aspects of his company tax returns. The company

    accountant has been unable to keep up to date with matters, and Fred also believes that mistakes have been made

    in the past. Fred needs assistance and tells you the following:

    Year ended 31 March 2003

    The corporation tax return for this period was not submitted until 2 November 2004, and corporation tax of £123,500

    was paid at the same time. Profits chargeable to corporation tax were stated as £704,300.

    A formal notice (CT203) requiring the company to file a self-assessment corporation tax return (dated 1 February

    2004) had been received by the company on 4 February 2004.

    A detailed examination of the accounts and tax computation has revealed the following.

    – Computer equipment totalling £50,000 had been expensed in the accounts. No adjustment has been made in

    the tax computation.

    – A provision of £10,000 was made for repairs, but there is no evidence of supporting information.

    – Legal and professional fees totalling £46,500 were allowed in full without any explanation. Fred has

    subsequently produced the following analysis:

    Analysis of legal & professional fees

    Legal fees on a failed attempt to secure a trading loan 15,000

    Debt collection agency fees 12,800

    Obtaining planning consent for building extension 15,700

    Accountant’s fees for preparing accounts 14,000

    Legal fees relating to a trade dispute 19,000

    – No enquiry has yet been raised by the Inland Revenue.

    – Flop Ltd was a large company in terms of the Companies Act definition for the year in question.

    – Flop Ltd had taxable profits of £595,000 in the previous year.

    Year ended 31 March 2004

    The corporation tax return has not yet been submitted for this year. The accounts are late and nearing completion,

    with only one change still to be made. A notice requiring the company to file a self-assessment corporation tax return

    (CT203) dated 27 July 2004 was received on 1 August 2004. No corporation tax has yet been paid.

    1 – The computation currently shows profits chargeable to corporation tax of £815,000 before accounting

    adjustments, and any adjustments for prior years.

    – A company owing Flop Ltd £50,000 (excluding VAT) has gone into liquidation, and it is unlikely that any of this

    money will be paid. The money has been outstanding since 3 September 2003, and the bad debt will need to

    be included in the accounts.

    1 Fred also believes there are problems in relation to the company’s VAT administration. The VAT return for the quarter

    ended 31 March 2005 was submitted on 5 May 2005, and VAT of £24,000 was paid at the same time. The previous

    return to 31 December 2004 was also submitted late. In addition, no account has been made for the VAT on the bad

    debt. The VAT return for 30 June 2005 may also be late. Fred estimates the VAT liability for that quarter to be £8,250.

    Required:

    (a) (i) Calculate the revised corporation tax (CT) payable for the accounting periods ending 31 March 2003

    and 2004 respectively. Your answer should include an explanation of the adjustments made as a result

    of the information which has now come to light. (7 marks)

    (ii) State, giving reasons, the due payment date of the corporation tax (CT) and the filing date of the

    corporation tax return for each period, and identify any interest and penalties which may have arisen to

    date. (8 marks)


    正确答案:

    (a) Calculation of corporation tax
    Year ended 31 March 2003
    Corporation tax payable
    There are three adjusting items:.
    (i) The computers are capital items, as they have an enduring benefit. These need to be added back in the Schedule D
    Case I calculation, and capital allowances claimed instead. The company is not small or medium by Companies Act
    definitions and therefore no first year allowances are available. Allowances of £12,500 (50,000 x 25%) can be claimed,
    leaving a TWDV of £37,500.
    (ii) The provision appears to be general in nature. In addition there is insufficient information to justify the provision and it
    should be disallowed until such times as it is released or utilised.
    (iii) Costs relating to trading loan relationships are allowable, as are costs relating to the trade (debt collection, trade disputes
    and accounting work). Costs relating to capital items (£5,700) are not allowable so will have to be added back.
    Total profit chargeable to corporation tax is therefore £704,300 + 50,000 – 12,500 + 10,000 + 5,700 = 757,500. There are two associates, and therefore the 30% tax rate starts at £1,500,000/2 = £750,000. Corporation tax payable is 30% x£757,500 = £227,250.
    Payment date
    Although the rate of tax is 30% and the company ‘large’, quarterly payments will not apply, as the company was not large in the previous year. The due date for payment of tax is therefore nine months and one day after the end of the tax accounting period (31 March 2003) i.e. 1 January 2004.
    Filing date
    This is the later of:
    – 12 months after the end of the period of account: 31 March 2004
    – 3 months after the date of the notice requiring the return 1 May 2004
    i.e. 1 May 2004.

  • 第3题:

    3 On 1 January 2007 Dovedale Ltd, a company with no subsidiaries, intends to purchase 65% of the ordinary share

    capital of Hira Ltd from Belgrove Ltd. Belgrove Ltd currently owns 100% of the share capital of Hira Ltd and has no

    other subsidiaries. All three companies have their head offices in the UK and are UK resident.

    Hira Ltd had trading losses brought forward, as at 1 April 2006, of £18,600 and no income or gains against which

    to offset losses in the year ended 31 March 2006. In the year ending 31 March 2007 the company expects to make

    further tax adjusted trading losses of £55,000 before deduction of capital allowances, and to have no other income

    or gains. The tax written down value of Hira Ltd’s plant and machinery as at 31 March 2006 was £96,000 and

    there will be no fixed asset additions or disposals in the year ending 31 March 2007. In the year ending 31 March

    2008 a small tax adjusted trading loss is anticipated. Hira Ltd will surrender the maximum possible trading losses

    to Belgrove Ltd and Dovedale Ltd.

    The tax adjusted trading profit of Dovedale Ltd for the year ending 31 March 2007 is expected to be £875,000 and

    to continue at this level in the future. The profits chargeable to corporation tax of Belgrove Ltd are expected to be

    £38,000 for the year ending 31 March 2007 and to increase in the future.

    On 1 February 2007 Dovedale Ltd will sell a small office building to Hira Ltd for its market value of £234,000.

    Dovedale Ltd purchased the building in March 2005 for £210,000. In October 2004 Dovedale Ltd sold a factory

    for £277,450 making a capital gain of £84,217. A claim was made to roll over the gain on the sale of the factory

    against the acquisition cost of the office building.

    On 1 April 2007 Dovedale Ltd intends to acquire the whole of the ordinary share capital of Atapo Inc, an unquoted

    company resident in the country of Morovia. Atapo Inc sells components to Dovedale Ltd as well as to other

    companies in Morovia and around the world.

    It is estimated that Atapo Inc will make a profit before tax of £160,000 in the year ending 31 March 2008 and will

    pay a dividend to Dovedale Ltd of £105,000. It can be assumed that Atapo Inc’s taxable profits are equal to its profit

    before tax. The rate of corporation tax in Morovia is 9%. There is a withholding tax of 3% on dividends paid to

    non-Morovian resident shareholders. There is no double tax agreement between the UK and Morovia.

    Required:

    (a) Advise Belgrove Ltd of any capital gains that may arise as a result of the sale of the shares in Hira Ltd. You

    are not required to calculate any capital gains in this part of the question. (4 marks)


    正确答案:
    (a) Capital gains that may arise on the sale by Belgrove Ltd of shares in Hira Ltd
    Belgrove Ltd will realise a capital gain on the sale of the shares unless the substantial shareholding exemption applies. The
    exemption will be given automatically provided all of the following conditions are satisfied.
    – Belgrove Ltd has owned at least 10% of Hira Ltd for a minimum of 12 months during the two years prior to the sale.
    – Belgrove Ltd is a trading company or a member of a trading group during that 12-month period and immediately after
    the sale.
    – Hira Ltd is a trading company or the holding company of a trading group during that 12-month period and immediately
    after the sale.
    Hira Ltd will no longer be in a capital gains group with Belgrove Ltd after the sale. Accordingly, a capital gain, known as a
    degrouping charge, may arise in Hira Ltd. A degrouping charge will arise if, at the time it leaves the Belgrove Ltd group, Hira
    Ltd owns any capital assets which were transferred to it at no gain, no loss within the previous six years by a member of the
    Belgrove Ltd capital gains group.

  • 第4题:

    (c) Calculate the expected corporation tax liability of Dovedale Ltd for the year ending 31 March 2007 on the

    assumption that all available reliefs are claimed by Dovedale Ltd but that Hira Ltd will not claim any capital

    allowances in that year. (4 marks)


    正确答案:

     

  • 第5题:

    (iii) State the value added tax (VAT) and stamp duty (SD) issues arising as a result of inserting Bold plc as

    a holding company and identify any planning actions that can be taken to defer or minimise these tax

    costs. (4 marks)

    You should assume that the corporation tax rates for the financial year 2005 and the income tax rates

    and allowances for the tax year 2005/06 apply throughout this question.


    正确答案:
    (iii) Bold plc will be making a taxable supply of services, likely to exceed the VAT threshold. It should therefore consider
    registering for VAT – either immediately on a voluntary basis, or when its cumulative taxable supplies in the previous
    twelve months exceed £60,000.
    As an alternative, the new group can apply for a group VAT registration. This will simplify its VAT administration as intragroup
    transactions are broadly disregarded for VAT purposes, and only one VAT return is required for the group as a
    whole.
    Stamp duty normally applies at 0·5% on the consideration payable in respect of transactions in shares. However, an
    exemption is available in the case of a takeover, reconstruction or amalgamation where there is no real change in
    ownership, i.e. the new shareholdings mirror the old shareholdings, and the transaction is for commercial purposes. The
    insertion of a new holding company over an existing company, as proposed here, would qualify for this exemption.
    There is no VAT on transactions in shares.

  • 第6题:

    (iii) The extent to which Amy will be subject to income tax in the UK on her earnings in respect of duties

    performed for Cutlass Inc and the travel costs paid for by that company. (5 marks)

    Appropriateness of format and presentation of the report and the effectiveness with which its advice is

    communicated. (2 marks)

    Note:

    You should assume that the income tax rates and allowances for the tax year 2006/07 and the corporation tax

    rates and allowances for the financial year 2006 apply throughout this questio


    正确答案:
    (iii) Amy’s UK income tax position
    Amy will remain UK resident and ordinarily resident as she is not leaving the UK permanently or for a complete tax year
    under a full time contract of employment. Accordingly, she will continue to be subject to UK tax on her worldwide income
    including her earnings in respect of the duties she performs for Cutlass Inc. The earnings from these duties will also be
    taxable in Sharpenia as the income arises in that country.
    The double tax treaty between the UK and Sharpenia will either exempt the employment income in one of the two
    countries or give double tax relief for the tax paid in Sharpenia. The double tax relief will be the lower of the UK tax and
    the Sharpenian tax on the income from Cutlass Inc.
    Amy will not be subject to UK income tax on the expenses borne by Cutlass Inc in respect of her flights to and from
    Sharpenia provided her journeys are wholly and exclusively for the purposes of performing her duties in Sharpenia.
    The amounts paid by Cutlass Inc in respect of Amy’s family travelling to Sharpenia will be subject to UK income tax as
    Amy will not be absent from the UK for a continuous period of at least 60 days.

  • 第7题:

    3 Palm plc recently acquired 100% of the ordinary share capital of Nikau Ltd from Facet Ltd. Palm plc intends to use

    Nikau Ltd to develop a new product range, under the name ‘Project Sabal’. Nikau Ltd owns shares in a non-UK

    resident company, Date Inc.

    The following information has been extracted from client files and from a meeting with the Finance Director of Palm

    plc.

    Palm plc:

    – Has more than 40 wholly owned subsidiaries such that all group companies pay corporation tax at 30%.

    – All group companies prepare accounts to 31 March.

    – Acquired Nikau Ltd on 1 November 2007 from Facet Ltd, an unrelated company.

    Nikau Ltd:

    – UK resident company that manufactures domestic electronic appliances for sale in the European Union (EU).

    – Large enterprise for the purposes of the enhanced relief available for research and development expenditure.

    – Trading losses brought forward as at 1 April 2007 of £195,700.

    – Budgeted taxable trading profit of £360,000 for the year ending 31 March 2008 before taking account of ‘Project

    Sabal’.

    – Dividend income of £38,200 will be received in the year ending 31 March 2008 in respect of the shares in Date

    Inc.

    ‘Project Sabal’:

    – Development of a range of electronic appliances, for sale in North America.

    – Project Sabal will represent a significant advance in the technology of domestic appliances.

    – Nikau Ltd will spend £70,000 on staffing costs and consumables researching and developing the necessary

    technology between now and 31 March 2008. Further costs will be incurred in the following year.

    – Sales to North America will commence in 2009 and are expected to generate significant profits from that year.

    Shares in Date Inc:

    – Nikau Ltd owns 35% of the ordinary share capital of Date Inc.

    – The shares were purchased from Facet Ltd on 1 June 2003 for their market value of £338,000.

    – The sale was a no gain, no loss transfer for the purposes of corporation tax.

    – Facet Ltd purchased the shares in Date Inc on 1 March 1994 for £137,000.

    Date Inc:

    – A controlled foreign company resident in the country of Palladia.

    – Annual chargeable profits arising out of property investment activities are approximately £120,000, of which

    approximately £115,000 is distributed to its shareholders each year.

    The tax system in Palladia:

    – No taxes on income or capital profits.

    – 4% withholding tax on dividends paid to shareholders resident outside Palladia.

    Required:

    (a) Prepare detailed explanatory notes, including relevant supporting calculations, on the effect of the following

    issues on the amount of corporation tax payable by Nikau Ltd for the year ending 31 March 2008.

    (i) The costs of developing ‘Project Sabal’ and the significant commercial changes to the company’s

    activities arising out of its implementation. (8 marks)


    正确答案:
    (a) Nikau Ltd – Effect on corporation tax payable for the year ending 31 March 2008
    (i) Project Sabal
    Research and development expenditure
    The expenditure incurred in respect of research and development will give rise to an enhanced deduction for the
    purposes of computing the taxable trading profits of Nikau Ltd. The enhanced deduction is 125% of the qualifying
    expenditure as Nikau Ltd is a large enterprise for this purpose.
    The expenditure will reduce the profits chargeable to corporation tax of Nikau Ltd by £87,500 (£70,000 x 1·25) and
    its corporation tax liability by £26,250 (£87,500 x 30%).
    The budgeted expenditure will qualify for the enhanced deduction because it appears to satisfy the following conditions.
    – It is likely to qualify as research and development expenditure within generally accepted accounting principles as
    it will result in new technical knowledge and the production of a substantially improved device for use in the
    industry.
    – It exceeds £10,000 in Nikau Ltd’s accounting period.
    – It relates to staff costs, consumable items or other qualifying expenditure as opposed to capital items.
    – It will result in further trading activities for Nikau Ltd.
    Use of brought forward trading losses
    The development of products for the North American market is likely to represent a major change in the nature and
    conduct of the trade of Nikau Ltd. This is because the company is developing new products and intends to sell them in
    a new market. It is a major change as sales to North America are expected to generate significant additional profits.
    Because this change will occur within three years of the change in the ownership of Nikau Ltd on 1 November 2007,
    any trading losses arising prior to that date cannot be carried forward beyond that date.
    Accordingly, the trading losses brought forward may only be offset against £158,958 ((£360,000 – £87,500) x 7/12)
    of the company’s trading profits for the year. The remainder of the trading losses £36,742 (£195,700 – £158,958) will
    be lost resulting in lost tax relief of £11,023 (£36,742 x 30%).
    Tutorial note
    The profits for the year ending 31 March 2008 will be apportioned to the periods pre and post 1 November 2007 on
    either a time basis or some other basis that is just and reasonable.

  • 第8题:

    4 Coral is the owner and managing director of Reef Ltd. She is considering the manner in which she will make her first

    pension contributions. In November 2007 she inherited her mother’s house in the country of Kalania.

    The following information has been extracted from client files and from telephone conversations with Coral.

    Coral:

    – 1972 – Born in the country of Kalania. Her father, who died in 2002, was domiciled in Kalania.

    – 1999 – Moved to the UK and has lived and worked here since then.

    – 2001 – Subscribed for 100% of the ordinary share capital of Reef Ltd.

    – Intends to sell Reef Ltd and return to live in the country of Kalania in 2012.

    – No income apart from that received from Reef Ltd.

    Reef Ltd:

    – A UK resident company with annual profits chargeable to corporation tax of approximately £70,000.

    – Four employees including Coral.

    – Provides scuba diving lessons to members of the public.

    Payments from Reef Ltd to Coral in 2007/08:

    – Director’s fees of £460 per month.

    – Dividends paid of £14,250 in June 2007 and £14,250 in September 2007.

    Pension contributions:

    – Coral has not so far made any pension contributions in the tax year 2007/08 but wishes to make gross pension

    contributions of £9,000.

    – The contributions are to be made by Reef Ltd or Coral or a combination of the two in such a way as to minimise

    the total after tax cost.

    – Any contributions made by Coral will be funded by an additional dividend from Reef Ltd.

    House in the country of Kalania:

    – Beachfront property with potential rental income of £550 per month after deduction of allowable expenditure.

    – Coral will use it for holidays for two months each year.

    The tax system in the country of Kalania:

    – No capital gains tax or inheritance tax.

    – Income tax at 8% on income arising in the country of Kalania.

    – No double tax treaty with the UK.

    Required:

    (a) With the objective of minimising the total after tax cost, advise Coral as to whether the gross pension

    contributions of £9,000 should be made:

    – wholly by Reef Ltd; or

    – by Coral to the extent that they are tax allowable with the balance made by Reef Ltd.

    Your answer should include supporting calculations where necessary. (9 marks)


    正确答案:

     

  • 第9题:

    (c) During the year Albreda paid $0·1 million (2004 – $0·3 million) in fines and penalties relating to breaches of

    health and safety regulations. These amounts have not been separately disclosed but included in cost of sales.

    (5 marks)

    Required:

    For each of the above issues:

    (i) comment on the matters that you should consider; and

    (ii) state the audit evidence that you should expect to find,

    in undertaking your review of the audit working papers and financial statements of Albreda Co for the year ended

    30 September 2005.

    NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the three issues.


    正确答案:
    (c) Fines and penalties
    (i) Matters
    ■ $0·1 million represents 5·6% of profit before tax and is therefore material. However, profit has fallen, and
    compared with prior year profit it is less than 5%. So ‘borderline’ material in quantitative terms.
    ■ Prior year amount was three times as much and represented 13·6% of profit before tax.
    ■ Even though the payments may be regarded as material ‘by nature’ separate disclosure may not be necessary if,
    for example, there are no external shareholders.
    ■ Treatment (inclusion in cost of sales) should be consistent with prior year (‘The Framework’/IAS 1 ‘Presentation of
    Financial Statements’).
    ■ The reason for the fall in expense. For example, whether due to an improvement in meeting health and safety
    regulations and/or incomplete recording of liabilities (understatement).
    ■ The reason(s) for the breaches. For example, Albreda may have had difficulty implementing new guidelines in
    response to stricter regulations.
    ■ Whether expenditure has been adjusted for in the income tax computation (as disallowed for tax purposes).
    ■ Management’s attitude to health and safety issues (e.g. if it regards breaches as an acceptable operational practice
    or cheaper than compliance).
    ■ Any references to health and safety issues in other information in documents containing audited financial
    statements that might conflict with Albreda incurring these costs.
    ■ Any cost savings resulting from breaches of health and safety regulations would result in Albreda possessing
    proceeds of its own crime which may be a money laundering offence.
    (ii) Audit evidence
    ■ A schedule of amounts paid totalling $0·1 million with larger amounts being agreed to the cash book/bank
    statements.
    ■ Review/comparison of current year schedule against prior year for any apparent omissions.
    ■ Review of after-date cash book payments and correspondence with relevant health and safety regulators (e.g. local
    authorities) for liabilities incurred before 30 September 2005.
    ■ Notes in the prior year financial statements confirming consistency, or otherwise, of the lack of separate disclosure.
    ■ A ‘signed off’ review of ‘other information’ (i.e. directors’ report, chairman’s statement, etc).
    ■ Written management representation that there are no fines/penalties other than those which have been reflected in
    the financial statements.

  • 第10题:

    (b) While the refrigeration units were undergoing modernisation Lamont outsourced all its cold storage requirements

    to Hogg Warehousing Services. At 31 March 2007 it was not possible to physically inspect Lamont’s inventory

    held by Hogg due to health and safety requirements preventing unauthorised access to cold storage areas.

    Lamont’s management has provided written representation that inventory held at 31 March 2007 was

    $10·1 million (2006 – $6·7 million). This amount has been agreed to a costing of Hogg’s monthly return of

    quantities held at 31 March 2007. (7 marks)

    Required:

    For each of the above issues:

    (i) comment on the matters that you should consider; and

    (ii) state the audit evidence that you should expect to find,

    in undertaking your review of the audit working papers and financial statements of Lamont Co for the year ended

    31 March 2007.

    NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the three issues.


    正确答案:
    (b) Outsourced cold storage
    (i) Matters
    ■ Inventory at 31 March 2007 represents 21% of total assets (10·1/48·0) and is therefore a very material item in the
    balance sheet.
    ■ The value of inventory has increased by 50% though revenue has increased by only 7·5%. Inventory may be
    overvalued if no allowance has been made for slow-moving/perished items in accordance with IAS 2 Inventories.
    ■ Inventory turnover has fallen to 6·6 times per annum (2006 – 9·3 times). This may indicate a build up of
    unsaleable items.
    Tutorial note: In the absence of cost of sales information, this is calculated on revenue. It may also be expressed
    as the number of days sales in inventory, having increased from 39 to 55 days.
    ■ Inability to inspect inventory may amount to a limitation in scope if the auditor cannot obtain sufficient audit
    evidence regarding quantity and its condition. This would result in an ‘except for’ opinion.
    ■ Although Hogg’s monthly return provides third party documentary evidence concerning the quantity of inventory it
    does not provide sufficient evidence with regard to its valuation. Inventory will need to be written down if, for
    example, it was contaminated by the leakage (before being moved to Hogg’s cold storage) or defrosted during
    transfer.
    ■ Lamont’s written representation does not provide sufficient evidence regarding the valuation of inventory as
    presumably Lamont’s management did not have access to physically inspect it either. If this is the case this may
    call into question the value of any other representations made by management.
    ■ Whether, since the balance sheet date, inventory has been moved back from Hogg’s cold storage to Lamont’s
    refrigeration units. If so, a physical inspection and roll-back of the most significant fish lines should have been
    undertaken.
    Tutorial note: Credit will be awarded for other relevant accounting issues. For example a candidate may question
    whether, for example, cold storage costs have been capitalised into the cost of inventory. Or whether inventory moves
    on a FIFO basis in deep storage (rather than LIFO).
    (ii) Audit evidence
    ■ A copy of the health and safety regulation preventing the auditor from gaining access to Hogg’s cold storage to
    inspect Lamont’s inventory.
    ■ Analysis of Hogg’s monthly returns and agreement of significant movements to purchase/sales invoices.
    ■ Analytical procedures such as month-on-month comparison of gross profit percentage and inventory turnover to
    identify any trend that may account for the increase in inventory valuation (e.g. if Lamont has purchased
    replacement inventory but spoiled items have not been written off).
    ■ Physical inspection of any inventory in Lamont’s refrigeration units after the balance sheet date to confirm its
    condition.
    ■ An aged-inventory analysis and recalculation of any allowance for slow-moving items.
    ■ A review of after-date sales invoices for large quantities of fish to confirm that fair value (less costs to sell) exceed
    carrying amount.
    ■ A review of after-date credit notes for any returns of contaminated/perished or otherwise substandard fish.

  • 第11题:

    Boston Company, an electing S corporation, has an operating loss of $400,000 for the current year. Hank owns a 40% interest in the company and is a material participant. At the beginning of the year, Hank's adjusted basis in the stock is $30,000. During the year the company borrows $100,000 with a recourse note. How much of the loss can Hank deduct on his current-year income tax return?()

    A.$0

    B.$30,000

    C.$70,000

    D.$160,000

    E.$200,000


    答案:B

  • 第12题:

    阅读以下说明和C++程序,将应填入(n)处的字句写在对应栏内。

    【说明】

    下面程序的功能是计算并输出某年某月的天数,函数IsLeap Year()能够判断是否是闰年。

    【C++程序】

    include < iostream >

    using namespace std;

    (1) Month {Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, May, Jun, Jul, Aug, Sep, Oct, Nov, Dec };

    class Date {

    public:

    Date( int year, Month m_ month) {

    this→year = year;

    if( (2) ) month: Jan;

    else month = m_ month;

    };

    ~Date(){};

    bool IsLeap Year( ) {

    return ((year%4= =0 &&year% 100 ! =0)|| year%400= =0);

    };

    int CaculateDays( ) {

    switch(m_month ) {

    case (3) ;{

    if (4) return 29;

    else return 28;

    }

    case Jan: case Mar: case May: case Jul: case Aug: case Oct: case Dec: return 31;

    case Apr: case Jun: case Sop: case Nov: return 30;

    }

    }

    private:

    int year;

    Month month;

    };

    void main( ) {

    Date day(2000,Feb);

    cout < <day. (5) ( );

    }


    正确答案:(1)enum
    (1)enum 解析:枚举类型变量month定义,这里填入enum。

  • 第13题:

    (ii) Assuming that Donald operates through a company, advise Donald on the corporation tax (CT) that

    would be payable for the year ended 31 March 2007 if he pays himself a gross salary of £31,000, plus

    a net dividend of £10,000, instead of a gross salary of £42,648. (4 marks)


    正确答案:

     

  • 第14题:

    (b) Calculate the corporation tax (CT) liabilities for Alantech Ltd, Boron Ltd and Bubble Ltd for the year ending

    31 December 2004 on the assumption that loss reliefs are taken as early as possible. (9 marks)


    正确答案:

    (b) Schedule D Case I calculation
    The three companies form. a group for both group relief and capital gains purposes as all shareholdings pass the 75%
    ownership test. The calculation of the corporation tax liabilities is as follows:

  • 第15题:

    (b) Explain by reference to Hira Ltd’s loss position why it may be beneficial for it not to claim any capital

    allowances for the year ending 31 March 2007. Support your explanation with relevant calculations.

    (6 marks)


    正确答案:
    (b) The advantage of Hira Ltd not claiming any capital allowances
    In the year ending 31 March 2007 Hira Ltd expects to make a tax adjusted trading loss, before deduction of capital
    allowances, of £55,000 and to surrender the maximum amount possible of trading losses to Belgrove Ltd and Dovedale Ltd.
    For the first nine months of the year from 1 April 2006 to 31 December 2006 Hira Ltd is in a loss relief group with Belgrove
    Ltd. The maximum surrender to Belgrove Ltd for this period is the lower of:
    – the available loss of £41,250 (£55,000 x 9/12); and
    – the profits chargeable to corporation tax of Belgrove of £28,500 (£38,000 x 9/12).
    i.e. £28,500. This leaves losses of £12,750 (£41,250 – £28,500) unrelieved.
    For the remaining three months from 1 January 2007 to 31 March 2007 Hira Ltd is a consortium company because at least
    75% of its share capital is owned by companies, each of which own at least 5%. It can surrender £8,938 (£55,000 x 3/12
    x 65%) to Dovedale Ltd and £4,812 (£55,000 x 3/12 x 35%) to Belgrove Ltd as both companies have sufficient taxable
    profits to offset the losses. Accordingly, there are no losses remaining from the three-month period.
    The unrelieved losses from the first nine months must be carried forward as Hira Ltd has no income or gains in that year or
    the previous year. However, the losses cannot be carried forward beyond 1 January 2007 (the date of the change of
    ownership of Hira Ltd) if there is a major change in the nature or conduct of the trade of Hira Ltd. Even if the losses can be
    carried forward, the earliest year in which they can be relieved is the year ending 31 March 2009 as Hira Ltd is expected to
    make a trading loss in the year ending 31 March 2008.
    Any capital allowances claimed by Hira Ltd in the year ending 31 March 2007 would increase the tax adjusted trading loss
    for that year and consequently the unrelieved losses arising in the first nine months.
    If the capital allowances are not claimed, the whole of the tax written down value brought forward of £96,000 would be
    carried forward to the year ending 31 March 2008 thus increasing the capital allowances and the tax adjusted trading loss,
    for that year. By not claiming any capital allowances, Hira Ltd can effectively transfer a current period trading loss, which
    would be created by capital allowances, of £24,000 (25% x £96,000) from the year ending 31 March 2007 to the following
    year where it can be surrendered to the two consortium members.

  • 第16题:

    (c) Prepare brief notes for the proposed meeting with Charles and Jane. Clearly identify the further information

    you would need in order to advise them more fully and suggest appropriate personal financial planning

    protection products, in respect of both death and serious illness. (9 marks)

    You should assume that the income tax rates and allowances for the tax year 2005/06 and the corporation tax

    rates for the financial year 2005 apply throughout this question.


    正确答案:

     

    When considering the shortfall
    – The family’s expenditure is likely to increase as the children get older, particularly if there is a need for school fees.
    – There will be a need for some cash immediately to pay for the cost of the funeral.
    – It is assumed that the whole of Jane’s estate has been left to Charles such that there will be no inheritance tax on her
    death.
    – The shortfall may be reduced by:
    (i) State benefits and tax credits.
    (ii) Expenditure on non-essential items, e.g. holidays and entertainment included in the annual expenditure of
    £45,500.
    (iii) The income generated by Charles if he were to return to work.
    – The shortfall may be increased by additional child-care costs due to Charles being a single parent, particularly if he
    returns to work full-time.
    Further information required
    – The level of state benefits and tax credits available to Charles.
    – The current level of expenditure on non-essential items.
    – The costs of child-care if Charles were to return to work.
    – Details of any wills made by Charles or Jane.
    – Whether Charles’ investment properties could be sold and the proceeds invested in assets with a higher annual return.
    – Whether there is any value in Speak Write Ltd independent of Jane, such that the company could be sold after Jane’s
    death.
    Other related issues
    – The couple should consider making provision for their retirement via pension contributions or some other form. of long
    term investment plan.
    – The couple should recognise that there would be significant financial problems if Jane were to become seriously ill. In
    addition to the family’s income falling as set out above, its expenditure would probably increase.
    Protection products
    – Term life assurance
    A qualifying life policy would pay out a tax-free lump sum on Jane’s death.
    – Permanent health insurance
    Would provide a regular income if Jane were unable to work due to illness.
    – Critical illness insurance
    Would provide a capital sum in the event of Jane being diagnosed with an insured illness.

  • 第17题:

    (b) For this part, assume today’s date is 1 May 2010.

    Bill and Ben decided not to sell their company, and instead expanded the business themselves. Ben, however,

    is now pursuing other interests, and is no longer involved with the day to day activities of Flower Limited. Bill

    believes that the company would be better off without Ben as a voting shareholder, and wishes to buy Ben’s

    shares. However, Bill does not have sufficient funds to buy the shares himself, and so is wondering if the

    company could acquire the shares instead.

    The proposed price for Ben’s shares would be £500,000. Both Bill and Ben pay income tax at the higher rate.

    Required:

    Write a letter to Ben:

    (1) stating the income tax (IT) and/or capital gains tax (CGT) implications for Ben if Flower Limited were to

    repurchase his 50% holding of ordinary shares, immediately in May 2010; and

    (2) advising him of any available planning options that might improve this tax position. Clearly explain any

    conditions which must be satisfied and quantify the tax savings which may result.

    (13 marks)

    Assume that the corporation tax rates for the financial year 2005 and the income tax rates and allowances

    for the tax year 2005/06 apply throughout this question.


    正确答案:

    (b) [Ben’s address]                                                                                                     [Firm’s address]
    Dear Ben                                                                                                                              [Date]
    A company purchase of own shares can be subject to capital gains treatment if certain conditions are satisfied. However, one
    of these conditions is that the shares in question must have been held for a minimum period of five years. As at 1 May 2010,
    your shares in Flower Limited have only been held for four years and ten months. As a result, the capital gains treatment will
    not apply.
    In the absence of capital gains treatment, the position on a company repurchase of its own shares is that the payment will
    be treated as an income distribution (i.e. a dividend) in the hands of the recipient. The distribution element is calculated as
    the proceeds received for the shares less the price paid for them. On the basis that the purchase price is £500,000, then the
    element of distribution will be £499,500 (500,000 – 500). This would be taxed as follows:

  • 第18题:

    5 (a) Carver Ltd was incorporated and began trading in August 2002. It is a close company with no associated

    companies. It has always prepared accounts to 31 December and will continue to do so in the future.

    It has been decided that Carver Ltd will sell its business as a going concern to Blade Ltd, an unconnected

    company, on 31 July 2007. Its premises and goodwill will be sold for £2,135,000 and £290,000 respectively

    and its machinery and equipment for £187,000. The premises, which do not constitute an industrial building,

    were acquired on 1 August 2002 for £1,808,000 and the goodwill has been generated internally by the

    company. The machinery and equipment cost £294,000; no one item will be sold for more than its original cost.

    The tax adjusted trading profit of Carver Ltd in 2007, before taking account of both capital allowances and the

    sale of the business assets, is expected to be £81,000. The balance on the plant and machinery pool for the

    purposes of capital allowances as at 31 December 2006 was £231,500. Machinery costing £38,000 was

    purchased on 1 March 2007. Carver Ltd is classified as a small company for the purposes of capital allowances.

    On 1 August 2007, the proceeds from the sale of the business will be invested in either an office building or a

    portfolio of UK quoted company shares, as follows:

    Office building

    The office building would be acquired for £3,100,000; the vendor is not registered for value added tax (VAT).

    Carver Ltd would borrow the additional funds required from a UK bank. The building is let to a number of

    commercial tenants who are not connected with Carver Ltd and will pay rent, in total, of £54,000 per calendar

    quarter, in advance, commencing on 1 August 2007. The company’s expenditure for the period from 1 August

    2007 to 31 December 2007 is expected to be:

    Loan interest payable to UK bank 16,000

    Building maintenance costs 7,500

    Share portfolio

    Shares would be purchased for the amount of the proceeds from the sale of the business with no need for further

    loan finance. It is estimated that the share portfolio would generate dividends of £36,000 and capital gains, after

    indexation allowance, of £10,000 in the period from 1 August 2007 to 31 December 2007.

    All figures are stated exclusive of value added tax (VAT).

    Required:

    (i) Taking account of the proposed sale of the business on 31 July 2007, state with reasons the date(s) on

    which Carver Ltd must submit its corporation tax return(s) for the year ending 31 December 2007.

    (2 marks)


    正确答案:
    (a) (i) Due date for submission of corporation tax return
    Carver Ltd intends to cease trading on 31 July 2007. This will bring to an end the accounting period that began on
    1 January 2007. A new accounting period will commence on 1 August 2007 and end on the company’s accounting
    reference date on 31 December 2007.
    Carver Ltd is required to submit its corporation tax return by the later of:
    – one year after the end of its accounting period; and
    – one year after the end of the period of account in which the last day of the accounting period falls.
    Accordingly, the company must submit its corporation tax returns for both accounting periods by 31 December 2008.

  • 第19题:

    (b) Explain why making sales of Sabals in North America will have no effect on Nikau Ltd’s ability to recover its

    input tax. (3 marks)

    Notes: – you should assume that the corporation tax rates and allowances for the financial year to 31 March 2007

    will continue to apply for the foreseeable future.

    – you should ignore indexation allowance.


    正确答案:
    (b) Recoverability of input tax
    Sales by Nikau Ltd of its existing products are subject to UK VAT at 17·5% because it is selling to domestic customers who
    will not be registered for VAT. Accordingly, at present, Nikau Ltd can recover all of its input tax.
    Sales to customers in North America will be zero rated because the goods are being exported from the EU. Zero rated supplies
    are classified as taxable for the purposes of VAT and therefore Nikau Ltd will continue to be able to recover all of its input tax.

  • 第20题:

    5 Gagarin wishes to persuade a number of wealthy individuals who are business contacts to invest in his company,

    Vostok Ltd. He also requires advice on the recoverability of input tax relating to the purchase of new premises.

    The following information has been obtained from a meeting with Gagarin.

    Vostok Ltd:

    – An unquoted UK resident company.

    – Gagarin owns 100% of the company’s ordinary share capital.

    – Has 18 employees.

    – Provides computer based services to commercial companies.

    – Requires additional funds to finance its expansion.

    Funds required by Vostok Ltd:

    – Vostok Ltd needs to raise £420,000.

    – Vostok Ltd will issue 20,000 shares at £21 per share on 31 August 2008.

    – The new shareholder(s) will own 40% of the company.

    – Part of the money raised will contribute towards the purchase of new premises for use by Vostok Ltd.

    Gagarin’s initial thoughts:

    – The minimum investment will be 5,000 shares and payment will be made in full on subscription.

    – Gagarin has a number of wealthy business contacts who may be interested in investing.

    – Gagarin has heard that it may be possible to obtain tax relief for up to 60% of the investment via the enterprise

    investment scheme.

    Wealthy business contacts:

    – Are all UK resident higher rate taxpayers.

    – May wish to borrow the funds to invest in Vostok Ltd if there is a tax incentive to do so.

    New premises:

    – Will cost £446,500 including value added tax (VAT).

    – Will be used in connection with all aspects of Vostok Ltd’s business.

    – Will be sold for £600,000 plus VAT in six years time.

    – Vostok Ltd will waive the VAT exemption on the sale of the building.

    The VAT position of Vostok Ltd:

    – In the year ending 31 March 2009, 28% of Vostok Ltd’s supplies will be exempt for the purposes of VAT.

    – This percentage is expected to reduce over the next few years.

    – Irrecoverable input tax due to the company’s partially exempt status exceeds the de minimis limits.

    Required:

    (a) Prepare notes for Gagarin to use when speaking to potential investors. The notes should include:

    (i) The tax incentives immediately available in respect of the amount invested in shares issued in

    accordance with the enterprise investment scheme; (5 marks)


    正确答案:
    (a) (i) The tax incentives immediately available
    Income tax
    – The investor’s income tax liability for 2008/09 will be reduced by 20% of the amount subscribed for the shares.
    – Up to half of the amount invested can be treated as if paid in 2007/08 rather than 2008/09. This is subject to a
    maximum carryback of £50,000.
    This ability to carryback relief to the previous year is useful where the investor’s income in 2008/09 is insufficient
    to absorb all of the relief available.
    Tutorial note
    There would be no change to the income tax liability of 2007/08 where an amount is treated as if paid in that year.
    This ensures that such a claim does not affect payments on account under the self assessment system. Instead, the
    tax refund due is calculated by reference to 2007/08 but is deducted from the next payment of tax due from the
    taxpayer or is repaid to the taxpayer.
    Capital gains tax deferral
    – For every £1 invested in Vostok Ltd, an investor can defer £1 of capital gain and thus, potentially, 40 pence of
    capital gains tax.
    – The gain deferred can be in respect of the disposal of any asset.
    – The shares must be subscribed for within the four year period starting one year prior to the date on which the
    disposal giving rise to the gain took place.

  • 第21题:

    (c) In November 2006 Seymour announced the recall and discontinuation of a range of petcare products. The

    product recall was prompted by the high level of customer returns due to claims of poor quality. For the year to

    30 September 2006, the product range represented $8·9 million of consolidated revenue (2005 – $9·6 million)

    and $1·3 million loss before tax (2005 – $0·4 million profit before tax). The results of the ‘petcare’ operations

    are disclosed separately on the face of the income statement. (6 marks)

    Required:

    For each of the above issues:

    (i) comment on the matters that you should consider; and

    (ii) state the audit evidence that you should expect to find,

    in undertaking your review of the audit working papers and financial statements of Seymour Co for the year ended

    30 September 2006.

    NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the three issues.


    正确答案:

     

    ■ The discontinuation of the product line after the balance sheet date provides additional evidence that, as at the
    balance sheet date, it was of poor quality. Therefore, as at the balance sheet date:
    – an allowance (‘provision’) may be required for credit notes for returns of products after the year end that were
    sold before the year end;
    – goods returned to inventory should be written down to net realisable value (may be nil);
    – any plant and equipment used exclusively in the production of the petcare range of products should be tested
    for impairment;
    – any material contingent liabilities arising from legal claims should be disclosed.
    (ii) Audit evidence
    ■ A copy of Seymour’s announcement (external ‘press release’ and any internal memorandum).
    ■ Credit notes raised/refunds paid after the year end for faulty products returned.
    ■ Condition of products returned as inspected during physical attendance of inventory count.
    ■ Correspondence from customers claiming reimbursement/compensation for poor quality.
    ■ Direct confirmation from legal adviser (solicitor) regarding any claims for customers including estimates of possible
    payouts.

  • 第22题:

    6 Charles and Jane Miro, aged 31 and 34 years respectively, have been married for ten years and have two children

    aged six and eight years. Charles is a teacher but for the last five years he has stayed at home to look after their

    children. Jane works as a translator for Speak Write Ltd.

    Speak Write Ltd was formed and began trading on 6 April 2006. It provides translation services to universities. Jane,

    who ceased employment with Barnham University to found the company, owns 100% of its ordinary share capital

    and is its only employee.

    Speak Write Ltd has translated documents for four different universities since it began trading. Its biggest client is

    Barnham University which represents 70% of the company’s gross income. It is estimated that the company’s gross

    fee income for its first 12 months of trading will be £110,000. Speak Write Ltd usually agrees fixed fees in advance

    with its clients although it charges for some projects by reference to the number of days taken to do the work. None

    of the universities makes any payment to Speak Write Ltd in respect of Jane being on holiday or sick.

    All of the universities insist that Jane does the work herself. Jane carries out the work for three of the universities in

    her office at home using a computer and specialised software owned by Speak Write Ltd. The work she does for

    Barnham University is done in the university’s library on one of its computers as the documents concerned are too

    delicate to move.

    The first set of accounts for Speak Write Ltd will be drawn up for the year ending 5 April 2007. It is estimated that

    the company’s tax adjusted trading profit for this period will be £52,500. This figure is after deducting Jane’s salary

    of £4,000 per month and the related national insurance contributions but before any adjustments required by the

    application of the personal service companies (IR 35) legislation. The company has no other sources of income or

    capital gains.

    Jane has not entered into any communication with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) with respect to the company

    and wants to know:

    – When the corporation tax computation should be submitted and when the tax is due.

    – When the corporation tax computation can be regarded as having been agreed by HMRC.

    Charles and Jane have requested a meeting to discuss the family’s finances. In particular, they wish to consider the

    shortfall in the family’s annual income and any other related issues if Jane were to die. Their mortgage is covered

    by a term assurance policy but neither of them have made any pension contributions or carried out any other long

    term financial planning.

    Jane has estimated that her annual after tax income from Speak Write Ltd, on the assumption that she extracts all of

    the company’s profits, will be £58,000. Charles owns two investment properties that together generate after tax

    income of £8,500. He estimates that he could earn £28,000 after tax if he were to return to work.

    The couple’s annual surplus income, after payment of all household expenditure including mortgage payments of

    £900 per month, is £21,000. Charles and Jane have no other sources of income.

    Required:

    (a) Write a letter to Jane setting out:

    (i) the arguments that HMRC could put forward, based only on the facts set out above, in support of

    applying the IR 35 legislation to Speak Write Ltd; and

    (ii) the additional income tax and national insurance contributions that would be payable, together with

    their due date of payment, if HMRC applied the IR 35 legislation to all of the company’s income in

    2006/07. (11 marks)


    正确答案:

     

  • 第23题:

    阅读以下说明和C++抖程序,将应填入(n)处的字句写在答题纸的对应栏内。

    【说明】

    下面程序的功能是计算并输出某年某月的天数。

    【C++程序】

    include<iostream>

    using namespace std;

    (1) Month{Jan,Feb,Mar,Art,May,Jun,Jul,Aug,Sep,Oct,Nov,Dec};

    class Date{

    public:

    Date(int year,Month m_month){

    (2) =year;

    if (m_month<Jan‖m_month>Dec) month=Jan;

    else month=m_month;

    };

    ~Date(){};

    bool IsLeapYear(){

    return ((year%4==0 && year%1001!=0)‖year%400==0);

    };

    int CaculateDays(){

    switch( (3) ){

    case Feb:{

    if( (4) )return29;

    e1Se return 28;

    }

    case Jan:case Mar:case May:case Jul:case AUg:case Oct:

    case Dec:retllrn 31;

    case Apr:case Jun:Case Sep:case Nov:roturu30;

    }

    };

    private:

    int year;

    Month month;

    };

    void main(){

    Date day(2000,Feb);

    tout<<day. (5) ();

    }


    正确答案:(1)enum (2)this->year (3)month (4)IsLeapYear() (5)Cacu lateDays
    (1)enum (2)this->year (3)month (4)IsLeapYear() (5)Cacu lateDays 解析:程序的空(1)所在行的目的是定义一枚举类型用来表示一年12个月,所以空1应填上enum;在类Data中定义了两个私有变量year和m_month分

    别用来存储年份和月份,在Data类的构造函数中,要求给出年份和月份来构造一个Data类的对象,因为构造函数中参数名称和私有变量的名称

    相同,为了在构造函数中使用私有变量year,必须加上 this指针,所以空(2)应填上this->year。
    函数CaculateDays用宋计算某一年某个月的天数,不论是否是闰年,除2月份以外,所有的大月都是31天,小月都是30天;如果是闰年,2

    月份是29天,否则是28天。根据分析,空(3)应填上m month用来判断月份是大月、小月或者二月,空(4)用来判断是否是闰年,调用函数

    IsLeapYear()即可得到结果。