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(b) As a newly-qualified Chartered Certified Accountant in Boleyn & Co, you have been assigned to assist the ethicspartner in developing ethical guidance for the firm. In particular, you have been asked to draft guidance on thefollowing frequently asked q

题目

(b) As a newly-qualified Chartered Certified Accountant in Boleyn & Co, you have been assigned to assist the ethics

partner in developing ethical guidance for the firm. In particular, you have been asked to draft guidance on the

following frequently asked questions (‘FAQs’) that will be circulated to all staff through Boleyn & Co’s intranet:

(i) What Information Technology services can we offer to audit clients? (5 marks)

Required:

For EACH of the three FAQs, explain the threats to objectivity that may arise and the safeguards that should

be available to manage them to an acceptable level.

NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the three questions.

相似考题

1.5 You are an audit manager in Dedza, a firm of Chartered Certified Accountants. Recently, you have been assignedspecific responsibility for undertaking annual reviews of existing clients. The following situations have arisen inconnection with three client companies:(a) Dedza was appointed auditor and tax advisor to Kora Co, a limited liability company, last year and has recentlyissued an unmodified opinion on the financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2005. To your surprise,the tax authority has just launched an investigation into the affairs of Kora on suspicion of underdeclaring income.(7 marks)Required:Identify and comment on the ethical and other professional issues raised by each of these matters and state whataction, if any, Dedza should now take.NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the three situations.

2.(b) As a newly-qualified Chartered Certified Accountant, you have been asked to write an ‘ethics column’ for a traineeaccountant magazine. In particular, you have been asked to draft guidance on the following questions addressedto the magazine’s helpline:(i) What gifts or hospitality are acceptable and when do they become an inducement? (5 marks)Required:For each of the three questions, explain the threats to objectivity that may arise and the safeguards thatshould be available to manage them to an acceptable level.NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the three questions above.

3.A new internal auditor, Daisy Rosepetal, has recently joined Bluebell Co. She has been asked by management toestablish and to monitor a variety of social and environmental Key Performance Indicators (KPIs). Daisy has noexperience in this area, and has asked you for some advice. It has been agreed with Bluebell Co’s audit committeethat you are to provide guidance to Daisy to help her in this part of her role, and that this does not impair theobjectivity of the audit.(c) Recommend EIGHT KPIs which could be used to monitor Bluebell Co’s social and environmentalperformance, and outline the nature of evidence that should be available to provide assurance on theaccuracy of the KPIs recommended. Your answer should be in the form. of briefing notes to be used at ameeting with Daisy Rosepetal. (10 marks)Note: requirement (c) includes 2 professional marks.

4.5 You are an audit manager in Bartolome, a firm of Chartered Certified Accountants. You have specific responsibilityfor undertaking annual reviews of existing clients and advising whether an engagement can be properly continued.The following matters have arisen in connection with recent assignments:(a) Leon Dormido is the senior in charge of the audit of the financial statements of Moreno, a limited liabilitycompany, for the year ending 30 June 2005. Moreno’s Chief Executive Officer, James Bay, has just sent you ane-mail to advise you that Leon has been short-listed for the position of Finance Director. You were not previouslyaware that Leon had applied for the position. (5 marks)Required:Comment on the ethical and other professional issues raised by each of the above matters and their implications,if any, for the continuation of each assignment.NOTE: The mark allocation is shown against each of the three issues.

参考答案和解析
正确答案：
(b) FAQs
(i) Information Technology (IT) services
The greatest threats to independence arise from the provision of any service which involves auditors in:
■ auditing their own work;
■ the decision-making process;
■ undertaking management functions of the client.
IT services potentially pose all these threats:
■ self-interest threat – on-going services that provide a large proportion of Boleyn’s annual fees will contribute to a
threat to objectivity;
■ self-review threat – e.g. when IT services provided involve (i) the supervision of the audit client’s employees in the
performance of their normal duties; or (ii) the origination of electronic data evidencing the occurrence of
transactions;
■ management threat – e.g. when the IT services involve making judgments and taking decisions that are properly
the responsibility of management.
Thus, services that involve the design and implementation of financial IT systems that are used to generate information
forming a significant part of a client’s accounting system or financial statements is likely to create significant ethical
threats.
Possible safeguards include:
■ disclosing and discussing fees with the client’s audit committees (or others charged with corporate governance);
■ the audit client providing a written acknowledgment (e.g. in an engagement letter) of its responsibility for:
– establishing and monitoring a system of internal controls;
– the operation of the system (hardware or software); and
– the data used or generated by the system;
■ the designation by the audit client of a competent employee (preferably within senior management) with
responsibility to make all management decisions regarding the design and implementation of the hardware or
software system;
■ evaluation of the adequacy and results of the design and implementation of the system by the audit client;
■ suitable allocation of work within the firm (i.e. staff providing the IT services not being involved in the audit
engagement and having different reporting lines); and
■ review of the audit opinion by an audit partner who is not involved in the audit engagement.
Services in connection with the assessment, design and implementation of internal accounting controls and risk
management controls are not considered to create a threat to independence provided that the firm’s personnel do not
perform. management functions.
It would be acceptable to provide IT services to an audit client where the systems are not important to any significant
part of the accounting system or the production of financial statements and do not have significant reliance placed on
them by the auditors, provided that:
■ a member of the client’s management has been designated to receive and take responsibility for the results of the
IT work undertaken; and
■ appropriate safeguards are put in place (e.g. using separate partners and staff for each role and review by a partner
not involved in the audit engagement).
It would also generally be acceptable to provide and install off-the-shelf accounting packages to an audit client.
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