itgle.com
考研英语精选试题
下列出险原因属于商业车险保险责任事故的有( )。
A.醉酒驾车
B.无证驾车
C.逆行驾车
D.注射毒品神志不清驾车
GB7258-2017适用于在我国道路上行驶的所有机动车，还包括叉车等不适于在道路上行驶和使用的机动车。()
⑦⑧两段内容说明了什么内容？是按照怎样的思路说明的？（4分）
答： ____________________________________________________________________
汗血宝马在我国已几近绝迹。（1分）先指出汗血宝马在我国已几近绝迹，接着说明汗血宝马几近绝迹的原因，最后交代世界上只有土库曼斯坦和俄罗斯境内还生存有汗血宝马。（三个层次各1分，共3分）
围绕中心论点，选文是从哪几个方面展开论述的？(3分)
从三个方面展开论述：(1)“我与人恩，一定相忘”是一种心境；(2)“我与人恩，一定相忘”是一种智慧；(3)“我与人恩，一定相忘”是一种艺术。
．本文是围绕枫叶展开的，请结合文章内容简要说明行文思路。(3分)
先描写枫叶的外在特征，再赞美其品质，最后揭示其象征意义。
Writing醉酒驾车与安全意识、社会责任D ir e c t io n:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing.In your essay,you should 1)describe the drawing briefly,2)explain its intended meaning,and3)give your comments.思路点拨图画中一个已经喝得烂醉如泥的司机，车顶上还驮着一瓶巨大的啤酒，汽车却依然在路上飞驰。虽然这幅图有点夸张，但是它却反映了一个触目惊心的安全问题：醉酒驾车。写作时可以按照以下的脉络展开论述：
第一段：描述图画；
第二段：分两个分论点进行论述：提高安全意识、提高社会责任感;
第三段：建议措施、强调后果。思维拓展实际上，本文的内容和行文思路，不仅仅适用于醉酒驾车，还适用于所有关于安全事故和社会责任的图片话题。例如，火灾、漏油事故、施工事故、违反交规等等一系列与安全或社会责任感相关的话题，都可以参考此文。只需要把第一段中间那句图画描述替换掉即可。
施工现场脚印参考图片范文What a scary and sensational scene it is!In the drawing,the driver,as drunken as a fiddler,is driving fast on the road,with a large bottle of beer on the top of his car.What is conveyed bythe picture has both realistic and alarming implications for each member of the country 0The profound meaning of the vivid drawing can be elaborated in terms of both awareness ofsecurity and social responsibility.For one thing,consciousness of safety should be one of our toppriorities.Life is one-way journey:you cannot experience it twice.So life is to be respected andawed.It is cruel to and inhumane to spell the end of any life,with a careless driving under theinfluence(DUI).For another,to act as a responsible member of the society,each of us shouldbear social responsibility.We do not live only for ourselves but also for those whom we love andwho love us.It is irresponsible to claim either lives of drivers or lives of other victims are notimportant,leaving the families and relatives into deep grief and,may be,great living burden。In short,it is imperative that legislative measures should be taken by the authority to punishdrunk drivers severely such as suspending their driving licenses or even putting them into jail.Besides,the mass media,such as TV,radio and website,should work together to enhanceawareness of security and sense of responsibility to reduce the rate of car accidento
在这幅图中，烂醉如泥的司机正在马路上飞速行驶，车上还顶着一大瓶啤酒。这幅图所传达的意义，对我们国家的每位成员，都具有现实和警醒的意义。这幅栩栩如生的图画的深刻意义可以从安全意识和社会责任感两个角度阐释。一方面，安全意识应该是我首要重视的问题。生命是一次单程旅行：你不能经历两次生命。所以我们应该敬重生命、敬畏生命。由于醉酒驾车的疏忽而宣告任何一条生命的结束是残忍的、不人道的。另一方面，作为这个社会负责任的一员，我们每个人都应该去承担社会责任。我们不仅仅是为了自己活着，我们也为那些我们所爱的和爱我们的人活着。无论是声称司机的、还是受害者的生命不重要，都是不负责任的。因为这会给他们的家人和亲戚带来巨大的悲痛和沉重的生活负担。简言之，官方应该制定立法措施严厉地惩罚醉酒驾车的司机,例如吊销驾照或进行监禁。立法措施势在必行。止 匕 外，电视、收音机、网站等大众传媒应该共同努力来提高公民的安全意识和责任感，以降低交通事故的发生率。名师点评 as drunken as a fiddler:醉得像一个游荡者。实际上是一个比喻，相当于汉语中的烂醉如泥。用语非常形象生动，个酩酊大醉的司机形象跃然纸上！Life is one-way journey:you cannot experience it twice：非常富有哲理性，语言优美、地道。respected and aw ed:敬重和敬畏，语言简洁、有力、到位。D U I:醉酒驾车，也可以写成：drunk driving leaving.:动词的ing形式作伴随状语。句型经典ReadingAThe idea that shopping is the new politics is certainly seductive.You probably go shoppingseveral times a month,providing yourself with lots of opportunities to express your opinions.Ifyou are worried about the environment,you might buy organic food;if you want to help poorfarmers,you can do your bit by buying Fairtrade products;or you can express a dislike of evilmultinational companies and rampant globalisation by buying only local produce.Sadly,ifs notthat easy.There are good reasons to doubt the claims made about three of the most popularvarieties of“ethical food:organic food,Fairtrade food and local food.People who want to makethe world a better place cannot do so by shifting their shopping habits:transfonning the planetrequires duller disciplines,like politics.Organic food,which is grown without man-made pesticides and fertilisers,is generally assumed tobe more environmentally friendly than conventional intensive farming.However,farming isinherently bad fbr the environment:since humans took it up around 11,000 years ago,the resulthas been deforestation on a massive scale.But following the“green revoIution of the 1960sgreater use of chemical fertiliser has tripled grain yields with very little increase in the area of landunder cultivation.Organic methods,which rely on crop rotation,manure and compost in place offertiliser,are far less intensive.So producing the worlds current agricultural output organicallywould require several times as much land as is currently cultivated.There wouldn*t be much roomleft for the rainforest.Fairtrade food is designed to raise poor farmers*incomes.It is sold at a higher price than ordinaryfood,with a subsidy passed back to the fanner.But prices of agricultural commodities are lowbecause of overproduction.By DropDing up the price,the Fairtrade system encourages farmers toproduce more of these commodities rather than diversifying into other crops and 、so depressespricesthus achieving,for most farmers,exactly the opposite of what the initiative is intended todo.And since only a small fraction of the mark-up on Fairtrade foods actually goes to thefarmer-most goes to the retailer-the system gives rich consumers an inflated impression of theirlargesse and makes alleviating poverty seem too easy.Surely the case fbr local food,produced as close as possible to the consumer in order to minimise4tfood miles,and,by extension,carbon emissions,is clear?
A、错误
B、正确
A.2分
B.4分
C.12分
醉酒驾车的定性和处理。
(1)《刑法修正案(八)》在刑法第133条后增加了一条，作为第133条之一：“在道路上驾驶机动车追逐竞驶，情节恶劣的，或者在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车的，处拘役，并处罚金。有前款行为，同时构成其他犯罪的，依照处罚较重的规定定罪处罚。”
根据上述修正，醉酒驾车的行为，构成危险驾驶罪。
(2)《刑法修正案(八)》公布之前的司法实践中，对于醉酒驾车行为造成实际危害结果的主要以“交通肇事罪”定罪处罚，在“高法”关于醉酒驾车犯罪统一认识后，还可按“以危险方法危害公共安全罪”定罪处罚。
以法定危害结果的发生与否作为是否构成犯罪的标准对于判断过失犯罪具有重要的意义，就交通肇事罪而言是适合的，但就以危险方法危害公共安全罪而言，则不合适。因为后者是故意犯罪，而且在法理上属于典型的危险犯，即只要行为人实施的客观行为足以危害公共安全的，就应当构成犯罪。危险犯是不需要行为发生实际的危害结果的，存在对法益侵害的实际危险就应当构成犯罪。
(3)对于醉酒驾车造成伤亡的行为是什么性质的行为，是交通肇事还是以危险方法危害公共安全?没有醉酒的人驾车会由于过于自信或疏忽大意导致肇事，这没什么争议。而醉酒的人驾车则不同，因为其明知酒后驾车行为能力减弱，影响正常驾驶技术的发挥，容易导致事故的发生，此时其虽不希望危害结果的发生，但在没有任何防止事故发生措施的前提下继续驾车行驶就有放任的故意，因此，醉酒驾车的行为应是一种间接故意的行为。
综上，醉酒驾车行为本身，对公共安全具有威胁。
对于没有造成危害后果的，如果以危险方法危害公共安全罪认定，和对于造成严重后果的以交通肇事罪认定相比，具有定罪量刑上的矛盾和不协调。为了保证法律的效果和可操作性，以及我国刑法体系的协调性，《刑法修正案(八)》对于醉酒驾车的行为单独定罪，并设置的相对较轻的法定刑，既保持了对醉酒驾车行为的刑法规制，又保持了我国刑法体系的协调统一。
B:本条之罪的既遂不以人身伤亡或财产损失具体危险为要件
C:本条表明立法已经设定“在道路上醉酒驾驶机动车”具有危险性
D:行为人甲在道路上醉酒驾车即实现构成事实且犯罪既遂，司法无需证明具体危险
刘某醉酒驾车行为，造成严重后果，应给予刘某的处分是
B.撤职
C.记过
D.开除
第二步，《公安机关人民警察纪律条令》第二十三条第二款规定携带枪支饮酒、酒后驾驶机动车，造成严重后果的，给予开除处分。
因此，选择B选项。