In John Whitehead's opinion, which statement is true?A．Face recognition technology may interfere with people's privacy.B．Face recognition technology may enhance the country's constant surveillance.C．Face recognition technology can be used in the same way

Passage 1
A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.
The car's sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver's sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed' firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver's palm.
Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden's Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.
Nissan's new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a driver's alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.
The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology."For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.
The car's seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it's going to register, so we need to study what's the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.

According to Doi,__________.
查看材料

A．the overall effectiveness of the detection technology has improved
B．Nissan is making a timetable to market the detection system
C．it is impossible to improve the'overall effectiveness of the detection system
D．Nissan aims to improve the detection technology to reduce the fatality rate

共用题干
第二篇

Credit Card Only Works When Spoken To

A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owner's voice could become an
important weapon in the fight against fraud（欺骗）.
The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in
voice-recognition chip.The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using
someone else's credit card details to buy goods online.
A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica,California,represents the
first attempt to pack a microphone,a loudspeaker,a battery and a voice-recognition chip
into a standard-sized credit card.
They are not quite there yet:the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card,
but it is still about three times as thick.The company now plans to make it thinner.
The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud in
online transactions.This earlier card has no microphone,but has a built-in loudspeaker
that it uses to " squawk"（发出叫声）a voice ID signal via a computer's microphone to an
online server.
By verifying（证实）that the signal matches the card details,the server can establish
that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to hand.
The ID code changes each time the card is used in a pre-ordered sequence that only the server knows.
This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps, noting the card details and then playing
back the audible ID when they key in the details later.But this earlier technology cannot
prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards.The new one can.
The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawk,but it will not do this until it
has verified the legitimate（合法的）user's spoken password. Thieves will be unable to use
the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the
owner's voice with a high degree of accuracy.
The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry
that can be powered by a mini battery embedded（嵌入的）in a credit card. To maximize
battery life,the electronics are only switched on when the card is being used.Pressing a
button on the card's surface prompts it to utter "Say your password" in female voice.If the
voice-recognition software proves that the password is authentic（真实的）,it sends its ID
squawk which the server then identifies,allowing the transaction to proceed.

What is the problem with the model card?
A:It is too large.
B:It is too thick.
C:It can't be used in online transactions.
D:It doesn't have a loudspeaker.

共用题干
第二篇

Credit Card Only Works When Spoken To

A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owner's voice could become an
important weapon in the fight against fraud（欺骗）.
The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in
voice-recognition chip.The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using
someone else's credit card details to buy goods online.
A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica,California,represents the
first attempt to pack a microphone,a loudspeaker,a battery and a voice-recognition chip
into a standard-sized credit card.
They are not quite there yet:the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card,
but it is still about three times as thick.The company now plans to make it thinner.
The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud in
online transactions.This earlier card has no microphone,but has a built-in loudspeaker
that it uses to " squawk"（发出叫声）a voice ID signal via a computer's microphone to an
online server.
By verifying（证实）that the signal matches the card details,the server can establish
that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to hand.
The ID code changes each time the card is used in a pre-ordered sequence that only the server knows.
This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps, noting the card details and then playing
back the audible ID when they key in the details later.But this earlier technology cannot
prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards.The new one can.
The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawk,but it will not do this until it
has verified the legitimate（合法的）user's spoken password. Thieves will be unable to use
the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the
owner's voice with a high degree of accuracy.
The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry
that can be powered by a mini battery embedded（嵌入的）in a credit card. To maximize
battery life,the electronics are only switched on when the card is being used.Pressing a
button on the card's surface prompts it to utter "Say your password" in female voice.If the
voice-recognition software proves that the password is authentic（真实的）,it sends its ID
squawk which the server then identifies,allowing the transaction to proceed.

Which of the following statements about the earlier card is true?
A:Its owner can change the ID code freely.
B:lts user does not need to key in the ID number.
C:It can record its user's spoken password.
D:It still can be used by someone else after being stolen.

共用题干
第一篇

Technology Transfer in Germany

When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success,few nations can
match Germany.Since the 1940s,the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a
constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science.And though German prosperity
（繁荣）has faltered（衰退）over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east
and west as well as the global economic decline , it still has an enviable（令人羡慕的)
record for turning ideas into profit.
Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society,a network of research
institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies.
But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition.Universities are taking an ever larger r
ole in technology transfer,and technology parks are springing up all over.These efforts
are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies,
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success,but it is not without its
critics.These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic
science,eventually starving industry of fresh ideas.If every scientist starts thinking like an
entrepreneur（企业家）,the argument goes , then the traditional principles of university
research being curiosity-driven,free and widely available will suffer.Others claim that
many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half
the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.
While this debate continues,new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's research
networks,which bear famous names such as Helmholtz,Max Planck and Leibniz.Yet it is the
fourth network,the Fraunhofer Society,that plays the greatest role in technology transfer.
Founded in 1949,the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organisation for
applied technology,and has 59 institutes employing 12,000 people.It continues to grow.
Last year,it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in
Berlin.Today,there are even Fraunhofers in the U.S. and Asia.

What factor can be attributed to German prosperity?
A:Technology transfer.
B:Good management.
C:Hard work.
D:Fierce competition.

共用题干
第一篇

Technology Transfer in Germany

When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success,few nations can
match Germany.Since the 1940s,the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a
constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science.And though German prosperity
（繁荣）has faltered（衰退）over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east
and west as well as the global economic decline , it still has an enviable（令人羡慕的)
record for turning ideas into profit.
Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society,a network of research
institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies.
But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition.Universities are taking an ever larger r
ole in technology transfer,and technology parks are springing up all over.These efforts
are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies,
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success,but it is not without its
critics.These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic
science,eventually starving industry of fresh ideas.If every scientist starts thinking like an
entrepreneur（企业家）,the argument goes , then the traditional principles of university
research being curiosity-driven,free and widely available will suffer.Others claim that
many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half
the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.
While this debate continues,new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's research
networks,which bear famous names such as Helmholtz,Max Planck and Leibniz.Yet it is the
fourth network,the Fraunhofer Society,that plays the greatest role in technology transfer.
Founded in 1949,the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organisation for
applied technology,and has 59 institutes employing 12,000 people.It continues to grow.
Last year,it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in
Berlin.Today,there are even Fraunhofers in the U.S. and Asia.

Which of the following is NOT true of traditional university research?
A:It is free.
B:It is profit-driven.
C:It is widely available.
D:It is curiosity-driven,

共用题干
Coming Soon to a Theater Near You!
What are special effects?Do you enjoy movies that use a lot of special effects Dinosaurs（恐 龙）from the distant past!Space battles from the distant future!There has been a revolution in special effects,and it has transformed the movies we see.
The revolution began in the mid 1970s with George Lucas's Star Wars,a film that stunned （使震惊）audiences. That revolution continues to the present,with dramatic changes in special-effects technology.The company behind these changes is Lucas's Industrial Light&Magic (ILM).And the man behind the company is Dennis Muren,who has worked with Lucas since Star Wars.
Muren's interest in special effects began very early.At the age of 6,he was photographing toy dinosaurs and spaceships.At10,he had an 8 millimeter movie camera and was making these things move through stop-motion.(Stop-motion is a process in which objects are shot with a camera,moved slightly,shot again,and so on .When the shots are put together,the objects appear to move.)
Talk to Muren and you'll understand what ILM is all about:taking on new challenges.By 1989,Muren decided he had pushed the old technology as far as it would go.
He saw computer graphics（图像）( CG ) technology as the wave of the future and took a year off to master it.
With CG technology,images can be scanned into a computer for processing,for example, and many separate shots can be combined into a single image.CG technology has now reached the point,Muren says,where special effects can be used to do just about anything so that movies can tell stories better than ever before. The huge success of Jurassic Park and its sequel（续集）,The Lost World,the stars of which were computer-generated dinosaurs,suggests that this may very well be true.

Muren feels that with CG technology,special effects can be used to make movies more expensive.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned

Passage 1
A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.
The car's sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver's sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed' firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver's palm.
Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden's Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.
Nissan's new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a driver's alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.
The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology."For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.
The car's seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it's going to register, so we need to study what's the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.
In the UK, some research groups are using similar advanced techniques to understand driver behavior and the effectiveness of different road designs.
Which of the following is NOT mentioned in Paragraph 6?

A. An external camera checks that the car is going properly.
B. The car will automatically keep to its lane.
C. The seat belt will tighten when the driver is found drowsy.
D. The technology of the alcohol odor sensor should be improved.

Passage 1
A concept car developed by Japanese company Nissan has a breathalyzer-like detection system and other instruments that could help keep drunk or over tired drivers off the road.
The car's sensors check odors inside the car and monitor a driver's sweat for traces of alcohol. An in-car computer system can issue an alert or even lock up the ignition system if the driver seems over-the-limit. The air odor sensors are fixed' firmly and deeply in the driver and passenger seats, while a detector in the gear-shift knob measures perspiration from the driver's palm.
Other carmakers have developed similar detection systems. For example, Sweden's Volvo has developed a breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt that drivers must blow into before the engine will start.
Nissan's new concept vehicle also includes a dashboard-mounted camera that tracks a driver's alertness by monitoring their eyes. It will sound an alarm and issue a spoken warning in Japanese or English if it judges that the driver needs to pull over and rest.
The car technology is still in development, but general manager Kazuhiro Doi says the combination of different detection systems should improve the overall effectiveness of the technology."For example, if the gear-shift sensor was bypassed by a passenger using it instead of the driver, the facial recognition system would still be used," Doi says. Nissan has no specific timetable for marketing the system, but aims to use technology to cut the number of fatalities involving its vehicles to half 1995 levels by 2015.
The car's seat belt can also tighten if drowsiness is detected, while an external camera checks that the car is keeping to its lane properly. However, Doi admits that some of the technology, such as the alcohol odor sensor, should be improved. "If you drink one beer, it's going to register, so we need to study what's the appropriate level for the system to activate," he says.

What has Volvo developed?
查看材料

A．The same detection system mentioned in the previous paragraph.
B．A breathalyzer attached to a car's seat belt.
C．A smart car seat belt.
D．An intelligent engine.

共用题干
第二篇

Credit Card Only Works When Spoken To

A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owner's voice could become an
important weapon in the fight against fraud（欺骗）.
The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in
voice-recognition chip.The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using
someone else's credit card details to buy goods online.
A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica,California,represents the
first attempt to pack a microphone,a loudspeaker,a battery and a voice-recognition chip
into a standard-sized credit card.
They are not quite there yet:the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card,
but it is still about three times as thick.The company now plans to make it thinner.
The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud in
online transactions.This earlier card has no microphone,but has a built-in loudspeaker
that it uses to " squawk"（发出叫声）a voice ID signal via a computer's microphone to an
online server.
By verifying（证实）that the signal matches the card details,the server can establish
that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to hand.
The ID code changes each time the card is used in a pre-ordered sequence that only the server knows.
This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps, noting the card details and then playing
back the audible ID when they key in the details later.But this earlier technology cannot
prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards.The new one can.
The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawk,but it will not do this until it
has verified the legitimate（合法的）user's spoken password. Thieves will be unable to use
the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the
owner's voice with a high degree of accuracy.
The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry
that can be powered by a mini battery embedded（嵌入的）in a credit card. To maximize
battery life,the electronics are only switched on when the card is being used.Pressing a
button on the card's surface prompts it to utter "Say your password" in female voice.If the
voice-recognition software proves that the password is authentic（真实的）,it sends its ID
squawk which the server then identifies,allowing the transaction to proceed.

What is the advantage of the new voice card?
A:It recognizes only its owner's spoken password.
B:It doesn't need to work with an on!mne server.
C:It requires less ID information.
D:It has a playback function.

共用题干
第二篇

Credit Card Only Works When Spoken To

A credit card that will not work unless it hears its owner's voice could become an
important weapon in the fight against fraud（欺骗）.
The card requires users to give a spoken password that it recognizes using a built-in
voice-recognition chip.The idea is to prevent thieves using a stolen card or fraudsters using
someone else's credit card details to buy goods online.
A model built by engineers at Beepcard in Santa Monica,California,represents the
first attempt to pack a microphone,a loudspeaker,a battery and a voice-recognition chip
into a standard-sized credit card.
They are not quite there yet:the card is the length and width of an ordinary credit card,
but it is still about three times as thick.The company now plans to make it thinner.
The voice card is based on an earlier Beepcard technology designed to prevent fraud in
online transactions.This earlier card has no microphone,but has a built-in loudspeaker
that it uses to " squawk"（发出叫声）a voice ID signal via a computer's microphone to an
online server.
By verifying（证实）that the signal matches the card details,the server can establish
that the user is not simply keying in a credit card number but actually has the card to hand.
The ID code changes each time the card is used in a pre-ordered sequence that only the server knows.
This prevents fraudsters recording the beeps, noting the card details and then playing
back the audible ID when they key in the details later.But this earlier technology cannot
prevent fraudulent use of stolen cards.The new one can.
The new voice card also identifies itself by its ID squawk,but it will not do this until it
has verified the legitimate（合法的）user's spoken password. Thieves will be unable to use
the card because even if they knew the password they would have to be able to copy the
owner's voice with a high degree of accuracy.
The challenge for Beepcard has been to develop voice-recognition and audio circuitry
that can be powered by a mini battery embedded（嵌入的）in a credit card. To maximize
battery life,the electronics are only switched on when the card is being used.Pressing a
button on the card's surface prompts it to utter "Say your password" in female voice.If the
voice-recognition software proves that the password is authentic（真实的）,it sends its ID
squawk which the server then identifies,allowing the transaction to proceed.

The voice credit card is an important invention because
A:it can be made cost-effectively.
B:it can leave voice messages.
C:it makes online shopping easy.
D:it makes fraud difficult.

共用题干
第一篇

Technology Transfer in Germany

When it comes to translating basic research into industrial success,few nations can
match Germany.Since the 1940s,the nation's vast industrial base has been fed with a
constant stream of new ideas and expertise from science.And though German prosperity
（繁荣）has faltered（衰退）over the past decade because of the huge cost of unifying east
and west as well as the global economic decline , it still has an enviable（令人羡慕的)
record for turning ideas into profit.
Much of the reason for that success is the Fraunhofer Society,a network of research
institutes that exists solely to solve industrial problems and create sought-after technologies.
But today the Fraunhofer institutes have competition.Universities are taking an ever larger r
ole in technology transfer,and technology parks are springing up all over.These efforts
are being complemented by the federal programmes for pumping money into start-up companies,
Such a strategy may sound like a recipe for economic success,but it is not without its
critics.These people worry that favouring applied research will mean neglecting basic
science,eventually starving industry of fresh ideas.If every scientist starts thinking like an
entrepreneur（企业家）,the argument goes , then the traditional principles of university
research being curiosity-driven,free and widely available will suffer.Others claim that
many of the programmes to promote technology transfer are a waste of money because half
the small businesses that are promoted are bound to go bankrupt within a few years.
While this debate continues,new ideas flow at a steady rate from Germany's research
networks,which bear famous names such as Helmholtz,Max Planck and Leibniz.Yet it is the
fourth network,the Fraunhofer Society,that plays the greatest role in technology transfer.
Founded in 1949,the Fraunhofer Society is now Europe's largest organisation for
applied technology,and has 59 institutes employing 12,000 people.It continues to grow.
Last year,it swallowed up the Heinrich Hertz Institute for Communication Technology in
Berlin.Today,there are even Fraunhofers in the U.S. and Asia.

The Fraunhofer Society is the largest organisation for applied technology in
A:Asia.
B: U.S.A.
C:Europe.
D:Africa.

共用题干
Coming Soon to a Theater Near You!
What are special effects?Do you enjoy movies that use a lot of special effects Dinosaurs（恐 龙）from the distant past!Space battles from the distant future!There has been a revolution in special effects,and it has transformed the movies we see.
The revolution began in the mid 1970s with George Lucas's Star Wars,a film that stunned （使震惊）audiences. That revolution continues to the present,with dramatic changes in special-effects technology.The company behind these changes is Lucas's Industrial Light&Magic (ILM).And the man behind the company is Dennis Muren,who has worked with Lucas since Star Wars.
Muren's interest in special effects began very early.At the age of 6,he was photographing toy dinosaurs and spaceships.At10,he had an 8 millimeter movie camera and was making these things move through stop-motion.(Stop-motion is a process in which objects are shot with a camera,moved slightly,shot again,and so on .When the shots are put together,the objects appear to move.)
Talk to Muren and you'll understand what ILM is all about:taking on new challenges.By 1989,Muren decided he had pushed the old technology as far as it would go.
He saw computer graphics（图像）( CG ) technology as the wave of the future and took a year off to master it.
With CG technology,images can be scanned into a computer for processing,for example, and many separate shots can be combined into a single image.CG technology has now reached the point,Muren says,where special effects can be used to do just about anything so that movies can tell stories better than ever before. The huge success of Jurassic Park and its sequel（续集）,The Lost World,the stars of which were computer-generated dinosaurs,suggests that this may very well be true.

At the age of 10,Muren was able to use computer graphics technology to make things move.
A: Right
B: Wrong
C: Not mentioned