__is the mother of invention. This is remarkably true. (Necessary)

_____
　　A.important
　　B.possible
　　C.close
　　D.necessary

共用题干
Paper or plastic?

Take a walk along the Chesapeake Bay,and you are likely to see plastic bags floating in the water. Ever since these now ubiquitous symbols of American super-consumption showed up in the supermarkets,plastic shopping bags have made their______(51)into local waterways,and from there,into the bay,where they can______（52)wildlife. Piles of them一the______（53)takes centuries to decompose一show up in landfills and on city streets.Plastic bags also take an environmental toll in the form of millions of barrels of oil expended every year to produce them.
Enter Annapolis______(54)you will see plastic bags distributed free in department stores and supermarkets.Alderman Sam Shropshire has introduced a well-meaning proposal to ban retailers ______(55) distributing plastic shopping bags in Maryland's capital. Instead,retailers would be required to offer bags______(56)recycled paper and to sell reusable bags.The city of Baltimore is considering a similar measure.Opponents of the idea,however,argue that______(57)bags are harmful,too:they cost more to make,they consume more______(58)to transport,and recycling them causes more pollution than recycling plastic.The argument for depriving Annapolis residents of their plastic bags is．______（59)accepted.Everyone in this______(60)is right about one thing:disposable shopping bags of any type are______(61),and the best outcome would be for customers to reuse bags instead.Annapolis's mayor is investigating how to hand out free,reusable shopping bags to city residents,a proposal that can proceed regardless of whether other bags are banned.A less-expensive______(62)would be to encourage retailers to give discounts to customers______(63)bring their own,reusable bags,a policy that a spokesman for the supermarket Giant Food says its chain already has in place.And this policy would be more______(64)if stores imitated furniture mega-retailer Ikea and charged for disposable bags at the checkout counter. A broad ban on the use of plastic shopping bags,which would merely replace some forms of pollution with others,is not the______(65).

_________(61)
A:durable
B:useful
C:wasteful
D:necessary

Happy people work differently.They’re more productive,more creative,and willing to take greater risks.And new researchsuggeststhathappinessmightinfluence__1__firm’swork,too.Companies located in places with happier people invest more,according to a recent research paper.__2__,firms in happyplacesspend more on R&D（researchand development）.That’s becausehappiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking__3__formakinginvestmentsforthefuture.The researchers wanted to know if the__4__and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would__5__the way companies invested.So they compared U.S.cities’average happiness__6__by Gallup polling with the investment activityofpubliclytradedfirmsinthoseareas.__7__enough,firms’investment and R&D intensity were correlated with the happiness of the area in which they were__8__.Butisitreallyhappinessthat’slinkedtoinvestment,orcouldsomethingelseabouthappiercities__9__whyfirms there spend more on R&D?To find out,the researchers controlled for various__10__that might make firms more likely to invest–likesize,industry,andsales–andforindicatorsthataplacewas__11__tolivein,likegrowthinwagesorpopulation.Thelinkbetweenhappinessandinvestmentgenerally__12__evenafteraccountingforthesethings.The correlation between happiness and investment was particularly strong for younger firms,which the authors__13__to“less codified decision making process”and the possible presence of“younger and less__14__managers who are more likely to be influenced by sentiment.”The relationship was__15__stronger in places where happiness was spread more__16__.Firms seem to invest more in places where most people are relatively happy,rather than in places with happinessinequality.__17__thisdoesn’tprovethathappinesscausesfirmstoinvestmoreortotakealonger-termview,theauthorsbelieveit at least__18__at that possibility.It’s not hard to imagine that local culture and sentiment would help__19__how executives think about the future.“It surely seems plausible that happy people would be more forward-thinking and creative and__20__R&Dmorethantheaverage,”saidoneresearcher.3选？

A.sufficient
B.famous
C.perfect
D.necessary